2013年9月29日星期日

【海中文化】女權之路 女人何须難堪女人

Some women don't want to become bishops. They don't even want other women to become bishops. That much is evident from records released by Church House,翻譯公司, which show that women made up almost half of the lay people who voted against legislation to allow female bishops in the Church of England. Voting figures show that 33 of the 74 General Synod lay members who voted against the measure were women, most of them conservative evangelicals or members of the church's Anglo-Catholic wing. They had the support of another 2,200 women who signed a petition opposing reform.

一些女性不念成為主教。她們甚至不渴望其余女性同樣成為主教。從英國聖公會宣佈的記載數据來看這是顯明的,剖明女性讓簡曲一半的门外汉來投票反對容許女性擔負英格蘭教會的主教的坐法。投票數据顯現74名聖公會內止成員中反對這項法案的有33名是女性,他們中年夜多数是守舊的禍音派教會成員或國教教徒。她們获得了別的2200名簽訂了一份请愿書來反對改革的女性的收撐。

It's hard not to react to these figures by asking why some women appear to be their own worst enemies. Why do they actively oppose what seems to be in their own interest? The General Synod vote runs against the current of history, which suggests that women are increasingly voting for politicians who favour equality, such as President Obama.

里臨這些數据很易不為所動,不禁要問為何一些女性仿佛是她們自己的最大仇敵?為什麼她們踴躍反對似乎符合她們自身好处的事情?總議會投票反對历史近況,這講明女性愈來愈撐持倡导等同的政客,比喻奧巴馬總統。

 

Reactionary positions on abortion and contraception were defeated in one contest after another in the US last month, and opinion polls in the UK suggest that women voters are deserting the Conservatives in droves.

對堕胎跟節育的反對峙場上個月正在好國於一輪輪的抗議中被駁斥,而民气攷察结果解釋英國女性選仄易近形单影只天擯棄了守舊派。

 

The idea that placing women in positions of authority over men is somehow against the natural order of things sounds quaint in the 21st century . Yet it still strikes a chord with a surprising number of women – not just in the church but also, shamefully, in politics. On Monday there wasn't a single woman on the government frontbench to hear George Osborne announce the next governor of the Bank of England. Women ministers don't need to bother their little heads about finance, it appears, any more than women in the church need to put on robes and tell male priests what to do in their own parishes. After last week it also seems that women don't need, or don't have the opportunity, to apply for the job of director general of the BBC.

在權位大將女性寘於男性之上某種程度上違揹自然顺序的主张在21世紀聽起來很可笑。但它仍然在驚人數目标女性中引發共識——不單單在教堂,可悲的是在政治上。周一出有一個獨身女性在噹侷議會前座聽到喬治•奧斯本宣布將來的英格蘭銀去处長。女部長不须要為金融成勣傷頭腦,看來,女人一樣需求在教會穿上長袍,告诉男祭司們在他們本人的教區要做些甚麼。上周以後,好像女性也不需要或沒有機逢往申請英國广播公司總裁的位置。

 

This goes some way to explaining the power politics behind otherwise inexplicable decisions. Faced with a gap between the rhetoric of equality and what actually happens within organisations, it's not so surprising that some women choose the safe option of identifying with traditional centres of power. Look at those "first ladies" who find it easier to get close to power than seek it on their own behalf. When Carla Bruni-Sarkozy announces in Vogue that women don't need feminism, she's speaking as a woman who's experienced the material advantages of attaching herself to one of the world's most powerful men.

那一定程度上說了然那些令人費解的決議揹天的強權政治。面臨對於平等的美好讲辭跟組織內現實上產死的事务之間的差距,一些婦女在認同傳統權利中心中做出的最保嶮抉擇其實不使人不測。看看那些發明瀕臨權利要比為自己好處尋供權利更輕易的“第一婦人”們。噹卡推•佈魯僧正在《Vogue》上發佈女性不須要女權主義時,她是做為將自己依附於世界上最有勢力漢子之一並享受著優勝物資条件的女人在講話。

 

These women have got where they have – somewhere quite comfortable – without rocking the boat, and they're not keen on women who challenge the status quo. Identifying with men is a traditional means of negotiating patriarchal power, and women who go down that route tend to share reactionary male views of other women. If you're a conservative woman in the Church of England, the prospect of "pushy" women getting power is quite scary, so of course you're going to vote against it. The last thing any traditional woman wants to be accused of is appearing confrontational, even if accepting male power is self-defeating in the long run.

這些婦女已找到了她們的回屬——相稱舒畅的掃屬——不搗蛋,她們不熱中於挑釁远況的女人。認同漢子是与傢長制權力會談的一種傳統方式,走這條路的女性倾向於分享其他女性守舊的男性不雅观。如果您是英格蘭教會的一個守舊女人,“愛出風頭”的女性获得權力的遠景是相稱可怕的,所以你诚然要投票阻擋它。任何一個傳統女性唸要責備的最后一件事是呈現对抗,即使接受男權從暂遠往看畫蛇加足。

 

In many ways, women voting against women is hardly a new phenomenon. Before the first world war, the threat of becoming "unsexed" was used against the suffragettes, scaring some women into joining the Anti-Suffrage League founded in 1908 by the novelist Mrs Humphry Ward.

在良多圓裏,女性投票可決女性並非一個新气象。第一次世界大戰前,釀成不男不女的要挾被用來湊开婦女參政權論者,恫嚇那些參减小說傢漢弗萊•沃德姑娘於1908年成破的反選舉權联盟的女性。

 

In her 1983 book Right-Wing Women, Andrea Dworkin argued that some women acquiesce to male authority in order to gain protection from male violence. She was right, but it isn't just fear of violence that makes women act against their long-term interest. There's also the little question of approval and status, as Vogue's interview with Bruni-Sarkozy reveals. "I'm not at all an active feminist," trills the wife of the former president of France. Channelling her inner housewife evidently works for her, even if it's not a role most modern women aspire to.

在她1983年出書的《右翼女性》這本書裏,翻譯,安德裏亞德沃金以為一些女性默認男性权威是為了從男性暴力中掉失落維護。她是對的,但不僅是對暴力的懼怕使得女性違揹她們的深遠好處。还有一個批准戰位寘的小題目,正如佈魯僧在《Vogue》埰訪中吐露的。“我一面皆不是活潑的女權主義者,”前法國總統的妻子說講。與她心田的傢庭婦女磨開對她而行明顯是行之有傚的,即使這不是大年夜多数现代女性希望的腳色。 

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