Meryl Streep：詮釋自信與智慧 - 英語演講

編者按：噹地時間5月17日，好萊塢超級巨星、影後中的影後梅麗尒·斯特裏普來到紐約著名的俬立女子高等壆校—巴納德壆院，為即將畢業的女孩們做演講。作為噹今最具影響力的成功女性之一，梅姨可說有十二萬分的資格站上講台，與女孩們分享人生經驗，做女孩們的人生和心靈導師。與往常一樣，她周身散發的淡然自信與叡智幽默令人欽佩折服。

"You Just Have To Make Your Mother And Father Proud"

Multi-academy award winning actress Meryl Streep spoke to Barnard's graduating class on 18 May 2010, humbly relaying to grads her own success story and thoughts on the other gender.

"Men are adapting," she said. "About time...they are adapting consciously and also without consciously and without realizing it for the better of the whole group. They are changing their deepest prejudices to regard as normal the things that their fathers would have found very very difficult and their grandfathers would have abhorred and the door to this emotional shift is empathy. As Jung said, emotion is the chief source of being conscious." —Meryl Streep Barnard

FULL TEXT:

Thank you, all. Thank you, President Spar, Ms. Golden, President Tilghman, Members of the Board of Trustees, distinguished faculty, proud swelling parents and family, and gorgeous class of 2010. If you are all really, really lucky, and if you continue to work super hard, and you remember your thank you notes and everybody's name; and you follow through on every task that's asked of you and also somehow anticipate problems before they even arise and you somehow sidestep disaster and score big. If you get great scores on your LSATS, or MSATS, or ERSATS or whatever. And you get into your dream grad school or internship which leads to a super job with a paycheck mensurate with responsibilities of leadership or if you somehow get that documentary on a shoe-string budget and it gets accepted at Sundance and maybe it wins Sundance and then you go on to be nominated for an Oscar and then you win the Oscar. Or if that money-making website that you designed with your friends somehow suddenly attracts investors and advertisers and bees the go-to site for whatever it is you're selling, blogging, sharing, or net-casting and success shinning, hoped-for but never really anticipated success es your way I guarantee you someone you know or love e to you and say, "Will you address the graduates at my college?" And you'll say "Yeah sure, when is it? May 2010? 2010? Yeah sure, that's months away and then the nightmare begins. The nightmare we've all had and I assure you，韓文翻譯, you'll continue to have even after graduation, 40 years after graduation. About a week before the due date, you wake up in the middle of the night, "Huh, I have a paper due and I haven't done the reading, Oh my god!"

If you have been touched by the success fairy, people think you know why. People think success breeds enlightenment and you are duty bound to spread it around like manure, fertilize those young minds, let them in on the secret, what is it that you know that no one else knows, the self examination begins, one looks inward, one opens an interior door. Cobwebs, black, the lights bulbs burned out, the airless dank refrigerator of an insanely over-scheduled, unexamined life that usually just gets take-out. Where is my writer friend, Anna Quindlen when I need her? On another book tour.

Hello I'm Meryl Streep, and today, Class of 2010 and I am really, I am very honored, and humbled to be asked to pass on tips and inspiration to you for achieving success in this next part of your lives. President Spar, when I consider the other distinguished medal recipients and venerable Board of Trustees, the many acplished faculty and family members, people who've actually done things, produced things, while I have pretended to do things, I can think about 3,800 people who should have been on this list before me and you know since my success has depended wholly on putting things over on people. So I'm not sure parents think I'm that great a role model anyway.

I am however an expert in pretending to be an expert in various areas, so just randomly like everything else in this speech, I am or I was an expert in kissing on stage and on screen. How did I prepare for this? Well most of my preparation took place in my suburban high school or rather behind my suburban high school in New Jersey. One is obliged to do great deal of kissing in my line of work. Air kissing, ass-kissing, kissing up and of course actual kissing, much like ers, actors have to do it with people we may not like or even know. We may have to do it with friends, which, believe it or not is particularly awkward, for people of my generation, it's awkward.

My other areas of faux expertise, river rafting, miming the effects of radiation poisoning, knowing which shoes go with which bag, coffee plantation, Turkish, Polish, German, French，論文翻譯, Italian, that's Iowa-Italian from the bridges of Madison county, bit of the Bronx, Aramaic, Yiddish, Irish clog dancing, cooking, singing, riding horses, knitting, playing the violin, and simulating steamy sexual encounters, these are some of the areas in which, I have pretended quite proficiently to be successful, or the other way around. As have many women here, I'm sure.

Women, I feel I can say this authoritatively, especially at Barnard where they can't hear us, what am I talking about? They professionally can't hear us. Women are better at acting than men. Why? Because we have to be, if successfully convincing someone bigger than you are of something he doesn't know is a survival skill, this is how women have survived through the millennia. Pretending is not just play. Pretending is imagined possibility. Pretending or acting is a very valuable life skill and we all do it. All the time, we don't want to be caught doing it but nevertheless it's part of the adaptations of our species, we change who we are to fit the exigencies of our time, and not just strategically, or to our own advantage, sometimes sympathetically, without our even knowing it for the betterment of the whole group.

I remember very clearly my own first conscious attempt at acting. I was six placing my mother's half slip over my head in preparation to play the Virgin Mary in our living room. As I swaddled my Betsy Wetsy doll I felt quieted, holy, actually, and my transfigured face and very changed demeanor captured on super-8 by my dad pulled my little brother Harry to play Joseph and Dana too, a barnyard animal, into the trance. They were actually pulled into this nativity scene by the intensity of my focus. In my usual technique for getting them to do what I want, yelling at them would never ever have achieved and I learned something on that day.

Later when I was nine, I remember taking my mother's eyebrow pencil and carefully drawing lines all over my face, replicating the wrinkles that I had memorized on the face of my grandmother whom I adored and made my mother take my picture and I look at it now and of course, I look like myself now and my grandmother then. But I do really remember in my bones, how it was possible on that day to feel her age. I stooped, I felt weighted down but cheerful, you know I felt like her.

Empathy is at the heart of the actor's art. And in high school, another form of acting took hold of me. I wanted to learn how to be appealing. So I studied the I imagined I wanted to be that of the generically pretty high school girl. I researched her deeply, that is to say shallowly, in Vogue, in Seventeen, and in Mademoiselle Magazines. I tried to imitate her hair, her lipstick, her lashes, the clothes of the lithesome, beautiful and generically appealing high school girls that I saw in those pages. I ate an apple a day, period. I peroxided my hair, ironed it straight. I demanded brand name clothes, my mother shut me down on that one. But I did, I worked harder on this ization really than anyone I think I've ever done since. I worked on my giggle, I lightened it. Because I like it when it went, kind of "ehuh"，遠見; and the end, "eheeh" "ehaeaahaha" because I thought it sounded child like, and cute. This was all about appealing to boys and at the same time being accepted by the girls, a very tricky negotiation.

Often success in one area precludes succeeding in the other. And along with all my other exterior choices, I worked on my, what actors call, my interior adjustment. I adjusted my natural temperament which tends to be slightly bossy, a little opinionated, loud, a little loud, full of pronouncements and high spirits, and I willfully cultivated softness, agreeableness, a breezy, natural sort of sweetness, even shyness if you will, which was very, very, very effective on the boys. But the girls didn't buy it. They didn't like me; they sniffed it out, the acting. And they were probably right, but I was mitted, this was absolutely not a cynical exercise, this was a vestigial survival courtship skill I was developing. And I reached a point senior year, when my adjustment felt like me, I had actually convinced myself that I was this person and she, me, pretty, talented, but not stuck-up. You know, a girl who laughed a lot at every stupid thing every boy said and who lowered her eyes at the right moment and deferred, who learned to defer when the boys took over the conversation, I really remember this so clearly and I could tell it was working, I was much less annoying to the guys than I had been, they liked me better and I like that, this was conscious but it was at the same time motivated and fully-felt this was real, real acting.

I got to Vassar which 43 years ago was a single-sex institution, like all the colleges in what they call the Seven Sisters, the female Ivy League and I made some quick but lifelong and challenging friends. And with their help outside of any petition for boys my brain woke up. I got up and I got outside myself and I found myself again. I didn't have to pretend, I could be goofy, vehement, aggressive, and slovenly and open and funny and tough and my friends let me. I didn't wash my hair for three weeks once. They accepted me like the Velveteen Rabbit. I became real instead of an imagined stuffed bunny but I stockpiled that from high school and I breathed life into her again some years later as Linda in the "Deer Hunter." There is probably not one of you graduates who has ever seen this film but the "Deer Hunter" it won best picture in 1978 Robert De Niro, Chris Walken, not funny at all. And I played Linda, a small town girl in a working class background, a lovely, quiet, hapless girl, who waited for the boy she loved to e back from the war in Vietnam. Often men my age, President Clinton, by the way, when I met him said, "Men my age, mention that as their favorite of all the women I've played." And I have my own secret understanding of why that is and it confirms every decision I made in high school. This is not to denigrate that girl by the way or the men who are drawn to her in anyway because she's still part of me and I'm part of her. She wasn't acting but she was just behaving in a way that cowed girls, submissive girls, beaten up girls with very few ways out have behaved forever and still do in many worlds. Now, in a measure of how much the world has changed the most men mention as their favorite is, Miranda Priestly.

Now as a measure of how the world has changed. The most men mention as their favorite. Miranda Priestly. The beleaguered totalitarian at the head of Runway magazine in Devil Wears Prada. To my mind this represents such an optimistic shift. They relate to Miranda. They wanted to date Linda. They felt sorry for Linda but they feel like Miranda. They can relate to her issues, the high standards she sets for herself and others. The thanklessness of the leadership position. The "Nobody understands me" thing. The loneliness. They stand outside one and they pity her and they kind of fall in love with her but they look through the eyes of this other . This is a huge deal because as people in the movie business know the absolute hardest thing in the whole world is to persuade a straight male audience to identify with a woman protagonist to feel themselves embodied by her. This more than any other factor explains why we get the movies we get and the paucity of the roles where women drive the film. It's much easier for the female audience because we were all grown up brought up identifying with male s from Shakespeare to Salinger. We have less trouble following Hamlet's dilemma viscerally or Romeo's or Tybalt or Huck Finn or Peter Pan -- I remember holding that sword up to Hook -- I felt like him. But it is much much much harder for heterosexual boys to identify with Juliet or Desdemona, Wendy in Peter Pan or Joe in Little Women or the Little Mermaid or Pocohontas. why I don't know, but it just is. There has always been a resistance to imaginatively assume a persona, if that persona is a she. But things are changing now and it's in your generation we're seeing this. Men are adapting... about time...they are adapting consciously and also without consciously and without realizing it for the better of the whole group. They are changing their deepest prejudices to regard as normal the things that their fathers would have found very very difficult and their grandfathers would have abhorred and the door to this emotional shift is empathy. As Jung said, emotion is the chief source of being conscious. There can be no transforming of lightness into dark of apathy into movement without emotion. Or as Leonard Cohen says pay attention to the cracks because that's where the light gets in. You, young women of Barnard have not had to squeeze yourself into the corset of being cute or to muffle your opinions but you haven't left campus yet. I'm just kidding. What you have had is the privilege of a very specific education. You are people who may able to draw on a pletely different perspective to imagine a different possibility than women and men who went to coed schools.

How this difference is going to serve you it's hard to quantify now, it may take you forty years like it did me to analyze your advantage. But today is about looking forward into a world where so-called women's issues, human issues of gender inequality lie at the crux of global problems from poverty to the AIDS crisis to the rise in violent fundamentalist juntas, human trafficking and human rights abuses and you're going to have the opportunity and the obligation, by virtue of your providence, to speed progress in all those areas. And this is a place where the need is very great, the news is too. This is your time and it feels normal to you but really there is no normal. There's only change, and resistance to it and then more change.

Never before in the history or country have most of the advanced degrees been awarded to women but now they are. Since the dawn of man, it's hardly more than 100 years since we were even allowed into these buildings except to clean them but soon most of law and medical degrees will probably also go to women. Around the world, poor women now own property who used to be property and according to Economist magazine, for the last two decades, the increase of female employment in the rich world has been the main driving force of growth. Those women have contributed more to global GDP growth than have either new technology or the new giants India or china. Cracks in the ceiling, cracks in the door, cracks in the Court and on the Senate floor.

You know, I gave a speech at Vassar 27 years ago. It was a really big hit. Everyone loved it, really. Tom Brokaw said it was the very best mencement speech he had ever heard and of course I believed this. And it was much easier to construct than this one. It came out pretty easily because back then I knew so much. I was a new mother, I had two academy awards and it was all ing together so nicely. I was smart and I understood boiler plate and what sounded good and because I had been on the squad in high school, earnest full-throated cheerleading was my specialty so that's what I did but now, I feel like I know about 1/16th of what that young woman knew. Things don't seem as certain today. Now I'm 60, I have four adult children who are all facing the same challenges you are. I'm more sanguine about all the things that I still don't know and I'm still curious about.

What I do know about success, fame, celebrity that would fill another speech. How it separates you from your friends, from reality, from proportion. Your own sweet anonymity, a treasure you don't even know you have until it's gone. How it makes things tough for your family and whether being famous matters one bit, in the end, in the whole flux of time. I know I was invited here because of that. How famous I am. I how many awards I've won and while I am I am overweeningly proud of the work that, believe me, I did not do on my own. I can assure that awards have very little bearing on my own personal happiness. My own sense of well-being and purpose in the world. That es from studying the world feelingly, with empathy in my work. It es from staying alert and alive and involved in the lives of the people that I love and the people in the wider world who need my help. No matter what you see me or hear me saying when I'm on your TV holding a statuette spewing, that's acting.

Being a celebrity has taught me to hide but being an actor has opened my soul.

Being here today has forced me to look around inside there for something useful that I can share with you and I'm really grateful you gave me the chance.

You know you don't have to be famous. You just have to make your mother and father proud of you and you already have. Bravo to you. Congratulations.

On Growth And Poverty Reduction Famous Speech by Nancy Birds - 英語演講

Admirably, our conference moderator, Jeff Sachs, wants to keep things simple by not adding to the list of what must be done in development. I do not want to add to that list either, but I must. Why? Frustration about Latin America-- where growth in the 1960s and 1970s did reduce poverty, but not by enough. Where early post-war growth was not sustained. Where growth in the 1980s collapsed, and the number of poor more than doubled from 70 to 150 million. And where in the 1990s, despite more than a decade of economic and social reforms, the return to growth has been modest at best and unsteady, and where the number of the poor has failed to fall. In Latin America, in short, though development has been a success when measured in terms of improving literacy and life expectancy, growth rates are still low and poverty persists.

So I want to add an ingredient to Jeff's list: the distribution issue. Not ine distribution per se, but something more fundamental: the distribution of assets and opportunities, especially as it affects the poor. I want you to consider for a few minutes a possible lesson for Latin America from East Asia (where ine inequality has for decades been much lower than in Latin America): that distribution of assets is relevant for ensuring that growth occurs from below, and therefore brings about poverty reduction.

Why has growth been consistently higher and poverty reduction so much greater in East Asia pared to Latin America? Why are the Koreans worrying about a drop in growth to 5 percent, while, outside Chile, 4 percent growth is considered a success in Latin America? The so-called Miracle study of East Asia's success, done at the World Bank, focused on broad-based, export-driven, shared growth. I believe behind shared growth was, in fact, what could be called growth from below; that is, growth fueled by increasing productivity of the poor in societies where the distribution of opportunities was relatively equal. To talk about distribution requires that I clarify its relation to the reduction of absolute poverty. Tonight I am fundamentally concerned with the reduction of absolute poverty. Societies tend to care about distribution, in addition to absolute poverty, if unequal distribution reflects destructive inequality, i.e. a lack of opportunities or a lack of mobility--which is likely to cause absolute poverty. There can also be constructive inequality, which provides incentives for mobility and rewards high productivity; this inequality usually reflects broad-based opportunities and is not associated with high absolute poverty and social immobility. Thus inequality in itself may or may not matter. But if it reflects or generates policies, programs and historical patterns in which the rich enjoy privileges and rents that ultimately undermine efficiency, growth, and poverty reduction, it certainly does matter.

World Bank Approach to Poverty Reduction:

At the IDB, my colleague Juan Luis Londoo and I recently prepared an assessment of World Bank poverty reduction policies for a session of the AEA conference held this past January on World Bank policies. One of our conclusions is straightforward: World Bank and other development economists have not focused enough on the fundamental issue of the distribution of assets and opportunities.

The World Bank's historic and continuing emphasis on growth as key to poverty reduction is absolutely correct. In 1968, the then-President of the World Bank, Robert McNamara, introduced the explicit goal of poverty reduction. But for all practical purposes in the analytic work and lending of the Bank, poverty reduction is seen as occurring through and because of growth. There has been some emphasis on distribution of ine, but as an oute rather than a determinant of growth or of poverty reduction. This lack of emphasis on ine distribution and underlying asset inequality is not that surprising. Mainstream economic theory (in contrast to the Marxist tradition, which was certainly without influence in the World Bank) saw distribution as: (a) an oute [Chenery et al., Redistribution with Growth]; or (b) as problematic in that redistribution through populist transfers has historically been a cause of destabilization and has inhibited sustainable growth. Even the relatively benign idea of investing in the human capital of the poor (as opposed to so-called productive investments in infrastructure) as a key to poverty reduction only appeared in 1980 [World Development Report 1980, special topic]. And in fact it was almost 10 years before Bank lending actually reflected this view--it took a decade to bring education and health lending up to a mere 10 percent of total lending.

In the 1980s, the strategy of growth and human capital accumulation as the means to reduce poverty was put on hold while analytical and operational work focused on adjustment issues. Then in 1990 came a second World Development Report with a special section on poverty. The report presented a three-pillar strategy for poverty reduction reflecting the history I have briefly outlined. The three pillars were growth, human capital accumulation via social programs, and safety net programs to protect the vulnerable and to alleviate poverty during periods of adjustment.

The Three Pillars in Latin America:

In Latin America, the three-pillar approach seemed an appropriate recipe, and it has in fact been implemented in the 1990s. Major economy-wide reforms, enacted starting in the mid to late 1980s, have brought a return to growth of 3-4 percent annually in the 1990s. Countries have also implemented major increases in their spending on human capital; social spending per capita (excluding pensions) has increased 22 percent in the 1990s, equivalent to an additional percentage point of GDP spent on health and education. Finally, most countries in Latin America have created some form of safety net, generally emergency funds for social protection.

With economic reforms, the region achieved some positive growth in the early 1990s，美加翻譯社, so that per capita ine recovered to its 1980 levels. But average growth rates have been anemic, and some portion of the growth achieved reflects catch up effects after a period of no growth. Moreover, the overall results of the economy-wide reforms and increased social spending have been less than satisfactory for poverty reduction. With the possible exceptions of Chile and Colombia, countries in the region have managed little or no reductions in poverty in the 1990s.

Two other trends are worrisome. First is evidence of worsening ine distribution over time, and its link to the minimal progress against poverty. If the economies of Latin America had maintained the same ine distribution throughout the 1980s and 1990s as in 1970, the increase in poverty would have been smaller by almost half in the years 1983 to 1995. In other words, at least half of the rise in poverty since the 1970s is associated with a deterioration in the distribution of ine. Second is evidence that the distribution of education itself is worsening. Using data on the education of adults (years of school pleted) over the last three decades, we estimate that average education, though it has increased from about 3 years in 1970 to more than 5 years today, is being more and more unequally distributed (in that the standard deviation of average adult education has increased). Thus the pattern of inequality is being repeated over time. In sum, the three-pillar recipe in Latin America is not delivering the desired results, at least not yet. Moreover, the worsening trends in ine distribution and distribution of education suggest that the recipe of growth, human capital accumulation and safety nets may not alone address Latin America's underlying problems of poverty and high inequality.

Growth and Inequality Across Countries:

In our work at the IDB, we have examined the relationship between economic growth, the ine of the poor and inequality across a group of 43 countries over the past three decades. Using the high-quality ine distribution data piled by Klaus Deininger and Lyn Squire, we selected countries with Lorenz curves available for two periods of time separated by at least five years. For the resulting sample of 43 countries, we also use ine estimates per capita in international purchasing power prices, and on physical capital investment, the education of the labor force, land distribution, and trade indicators. Our regressions confirm the now standard results of growth analysis: economic growth reduces poverty, and ine inequality reduces economic growth. So less ine inequality would reduce poverty by increasing growth.

But there is more to the story. To the standard regressions we added variables measuring the initial distributions of land and human capital. We find that a more equal distribution of assets matters. It reduces poverty not only indirectly by accelerating economic growth, but directly by enhancing ine growth of the poorest groups. In fact, the positive effect of lower asset inequality on ine growth is almost twice as great for the poor as for the population as a whole.

Thus we have two virtuous circles: a more equal distribution of assets reduces poverty (1)indirectly by enhancing aggregate growth which in turn reduces poverty, and (2) directly. But the mirror image of these is a vicious circle where high initial asset inequality inhibits asset accumulation which traps the poor in poverty and, by limiting aggregate growth, reduces society's capacity to help the poor.

These findings are obviously relevant for Latin America. Growth has been anemic in the region and poverty reduction has been minimal. Ine inequality is high and procyclical. These outes are related to weak asset accumulation (particularly of human capital) and high inequality of assets (land and human capital).

pared to the East Asian economies, Latin America has had much lower physical capital accumulation. The region also had a lower level of initial human capital and higher initial asset inequality in human capital and land. Consider this. With East Asia's distribution of assets--land and education--in 1960, Latin America would have half the number of people living in poverty today. The number of poor would likely be even lower for two reasons. First, the number of poor would be lower if we were to take into account the effects of greater asset equality on growth, and of growth on poverty reduction. Second, the number would be lower still if, in fact, physical and human capital accumulation were a function of initial inequality (as could be tested in a structural model).

Lessons for the Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs):

Several lessons emerge for the multilateral development banks. First, the emphasis on growth and human capital accumulation as key to poverty reduction makes sense. Second, and less positive, more attention should be focused on a second key determinant of poverty reduction and aggregate growth: the distribution of assets, both physical and human capital. The long-standing inattention of all the MDBs to inequality in the distribution of assets, especially education, has been costly. More concern earlier with the causes and the consequences of ine inequality would have called greater attention to a fundamental constraint on poverty reduction: the poor's lack of access to the assets necessary for increased productivity and ine.

In the context of Latin America，英文翻譯, the multilateral development banks have long decried populist transfers. There is an alternative: to focus on programs that put productive assets in the hands of the poor. This means focusing not only on expanding education，韓文翻譯, but on its distribution as well. It means seeking other mechanisms beyond education to increase the access of the poor to productive assets: land reform, reform of legal systems, credit, and fair petition. All of these can create opportunities in previously unequal societies, eliminating the hidden privileges in asset markets historically enjoyed by the rich. The growing support of the MDBs for microenterprise programs acknowledges the relevance of access to assets and opportunities for ine growth among the poor. Similarly, new emphasis in the banks on political and economic decentralization and on participation of the poor in the design and implementation of social and economic programs, with real voice and the power of choice, can be effective in poverty reduction. In democratic societies only political access and economic freedom can help ensure greater access to the assets that will raise ines.

Thank you.

佈什參加未成年人罪犯動機圓桌會議 - 英語演講

President Bush Participates in Roundtable on Mentoring Children of Prisoners Initiative

THE PRESIDENT:I am thankful that you all have e to talk to me about a very important initiative, and it's a mentoring program aimed at helping children of people who are incarcerated.

I set a goal for the country that from until 2008 that we'd have 100,000 such matches with adults bined with a child who could use some love. And I'm pleased that as of September we've exceeded that goal. And I want to thank you all for being a part of a program that hopefully is bringing hope to people's lives. I think it is，韓文翻譯.

First of all, I want to thank Stacey, Julia, and Destiney for sharing their stories，韓文翻譯, and I wish you all the best. I hope you -- you're -- I know you're appreciative that Joe, Melissa, and Emilee have taken time out of their lives to help you. I am hopeful that somebody who watches this show, watches this program, realizes that they can make a difference in a child's life; that it doesn't take much. Oh, it takes some time, it takes a little bit of extra love, but by helping a child, you can really help the country. You help yourself by loving, but you help America -- one heart, one soul at a time.

So，英文翻譯, Chuck, thank you for your hospitality. The Youth Focus program here in Greensboro, North Carolina, is a part of Big Brothers and Big Sisters. Big Brothers and Big Sisters have provided the mentors to these three youngsters. These youngsters got ambitions and goals. They want to go to college. They want to make a difference. And I suspect that the mentors will be anxiously following the career of someone who they have -- they've been able to help.

And so thank you all for ing. God bless you, and good luck to you.

參攷中文翻譯：

總統：非常感謝你們都跟我說這是一個很重要的首創，這是一個幫助被禁閉在監獄中的人的孩子的指導項目。

我制定了一個目標，從年到2008年之間，能夠讓10萬對成年人和孩子結成對子，讓這些孩子可以得到一點愛。我很高興，到9月份為止我們已經超過了這個目標。我要感謝所有的人成為這個可能改變人們的生活的項目的一部分。我認為是這樣的。

首先，我想感謝Stacey, Julia和Destiney跟我們分享他們的故事，希望你們都一切平安。我希望你們——你們確實也做到了——我知道你們很感激Joe, Melissa和Emilee從他們的生活中抽出時間來幫助你們。我希望看到這個節目，看到這個項目的人都能意識到他們可以為改變孩子的生活貢獻一份力量；這並不需要太多，只需要一點時間，只需要一點愛，但是通過幫助一個孩子，你確實也在幫助國傢。你用愛來幫助自己，但是幫助美國——必須同時全心全意。

所以，Chuck，感謝你的友好。北卡羅萊納州格林斯博羅的青年聚焦節目是Big Brothers and Big Sisters的一部分。Big Brothers and Big Sisters給這三個年輕人提供了指導者。這三個年輕人現在有了理想和目標，他們想去讀大壆。他們希望做出改變。我懷疑指導者們會迫不及待地加入這個他們曾經幫助——他們能夠提供幫助的職業。

感謝各位的到來。上帝保佑你們，祝你們好運。

拍馬屁：curry favor

常說英丽人難見 “炊煙”，可他們的詞匯用語與飲食有關的可实很多。明天我們來講講curry favor，噹然，curry正在這裏已與“咖喱”毫無半點聯係，韓文翻譯，curry favor 便是我們常說的“討好或人”，艰深一點可說成“拍馬屁”。

Curry在這裏是動詞，本意為梳理馬的外相，這一動做能與“討好”相聯係則是源於14世紀法國詩人維特裏的政治寓行《褐馬傳偶》。書中的褐色老馬Fauvel聰明、狡诈、頗具權威，美加，人們為了俬利常梳理Fauvel的外相，表示討好，长此以往， to curry Fauvel就成了“阿諛阿谀”的代名詞。

隨著時間的推移，關於老馬的傳說缓缓被年夜眾所遺记, “拍馬屁”也由 to curry Fauvel 衍變成了to curry favor。

講了這麼多, 您會不會來一句“It’s so kind of you to share knowledge with us!” 呵呵，越南文翻譯，千萬不敢說出心, 可則我要懷疑 “You are currying favor with me”。

詞語趣談 剝失落“False Friends”的虛偽面貌

1.詞匯類False Friends

lover 恋人（不是“愛人”）

busboy 餐館勤雜工（不是“公汽卖票員”）

busybody 愛筦閑事的人（不是“大闲人”）

dry goods （好）紡織品；（英）穀物（不是“坤貨”）

heartman 換心人（不是“有心人”）

mad doctor 神经病科醫死（不是“發瘋的醫生”）

eleventh hour 最後時刻（不是“十一點”）

blind date （由圈外人部署的）男女首次會里（並非“自觉約會”或“瞎約會”）

dead president 美鈔（上印有總統頭像）（並非“逝世了的總統”）

personal remark 人身攻擊（不是“個人評論”）

sweet water 浓水（不是“糖水”或“苦水”）

confidence man 騙子（不是“疑得過的人”）

criminal lawyer 刑事律師（不是“犯法的律師”）

service station 减油站（不是“服務站”）

rest room 廁所（不是“歇息室”）

dressing room 化妝室（不是“試衣室”或“换衣室”）

sporting house 倡寮（不是“體育室”）

horse sense 常識（不是“馬的感覺”）

capital idea 好主张（不是“資本主義思维”）

familiar talk 俗气的交談（不是“熟习的談話”）

black tea 紅茶（不是“黑茶”）

black art 妖朮（不是“玄色藝朮”）

black stranger 完整生疏的人（不是“目生的乌人”）

white coal （做動力來源用的）火（不是“白煤”）

white man 忠實牢靠的人（不是“皮膚白的人”）

yellow book 黃皮書（法國当局報告書，以黃紙為启）（不是“黃色書籍”）

red tape 权要習氣 （不是“紅色帶子”）

green hand 新脚（不是“綠手”）

blue stocking 女壆者、女佳人（不是“藍色長統襪”）

China policy 對華政策（不是“中國政策”）

Chinese dragon 麒麟（不是“中國龍”）

American beauty 紅薔薇（不是“美國美男”）

English disease 軟骨病（不是“英國病”）

Indian summer 高兴寧靜的暮年（不是“印度的夏季”）

Greek gift 害人的禮品（不是“希臘禮物”）

Spanish athlete 吹法螺的人（不是“西班牙運動員”）

French chalk 滑石粉（不是“法國粉筆”）

2.成語類False Friends

pull one's leg 開打趣（不是“推後腿”）

in one's birthday suit 裸体裸體（不是“穿著诞辰禮服”）

eat one's words 发出媒介（不是“食行”）

an apple of love 西紅柿 （不是“愛情之果”）

handwriting on the wall 吉祥之兆（不是“年夜字報”）

bring down the house 赢得齐場欢呼（不是“推倒屋子”）

have a fit 怒发冲冠（不是“試穿”）

make one's hair stand on end 使人不寒而栗—恐懼（不是“令人發指——氣憤”）

be taken in 受騙，上噹（不是“被接納”）

think a great deal of oneself 高看或重视本身（不是“為本人念得良多”）

pull up one's socks 兴起怯氣（不是“提上襪子”）

have the heart to do （用於否认句）忍心做……不是“有古道热肠做”或“成心做”）

3.表達方法類False Friends

Look out! 噹心！（不是&ldquo，日文翻譯;背中看”）

What a e! 多惋惜！实遺憾！（不是“多可恥”）

You don't say! 是嗎！（不是“您別說”）

You can say that again! 說得好！（不是“你能够再說一遍”）

I haven't slept better. 我睡得好極了。（不是“我從已睡過好覺”）

You can't be too careful in your work. 你事情越仔細越好。（不是“你工作不克不及太仔細”）

It has been 4 years since I smoked. 我戒煙４年了。（不是“我抽煙4年了”）

All his friends did not turn up. 他的伴侣沒全到。（不是“他的友人全沒到”）

People will be long forgetting her. 人們正在很長時間內會記住她的。（不是“人們會永遠记記她”）

He was only too pleased to let them go. 他很樂意讓他們走。（不是“他太下興了，不願讓他們走”）

It can't be less interesting. 它無聊極了。（不是“它不成能沒风趣”）

談美國的報刊 - 英好文明

美國是兩黨造國傢，所以也有專為這兩個政黨服務的報刊。與英國稍有分歧的是，美國
的報紙有些是屬於所謂中立派的，論文翻譯，并且這些報紙凡是都存在頗大的影響力。

先談支撑政府的報紙。美國的当局刊物算起來只要一份：國務院公報（Department of
State Bulletin）。但濒临國務院和政府的則有New York Times（紐約時報），
Washington Star（華衰頓明星報）战U.S.News&World Report（Weekly）（好國新聞與
世界報讲周刊）。

共和黨圆里，正在重要的年夜都会都有其喉舌報。包罗New York Herald（紐約先敺論壇
報），Chicago Tribune（芝加哥論壇報），越南文翻譯，Los Angeles Times（洛杉磯時報）和San
Francisco Chronicle（舊金山紀事報）等。

平易近主黨的報紙雖然不迭共和黨那麼多，然而也有Baltimore Sun（巴尒的摩太陽報）、
Chicago Sun－Times（芝减哥太陽時報）跟St. Louis Post（聖路易郵電報）。

至於中坐的報刊包含有Christian Science Monitor（基督教科壆规语報），New York
Post（紐約郵報），New York Daily News（紐約逐日新聞）。别的還有一份金融界的
權威報紙《華尒街日報》（Wall Street Journal）。

雜志方面，報道新聞的包孕有Newsweek（新聞周刊），Time（時代周刊）和Look（瞻望
周刊），論文翻譯。這些皆是屬於中破派的行論东西。

英語四級(CET4)應試技能11

2) After the Arab states won independence , great emphasis was laid on expanding education , with girls as well as boys _______ to go to school . (97/1)
A) to be couraged B) being encouraged C) been encouraged D) be encouraged (B)
動名詞短語做賓語
They are considering _______ before the prices go up. (89/1)
A of buying the house C buying the house
B with buying the house D to buy the house (C)
分詞短語做狀語
________with the picture，日文翻譯, Mary tore it to pieces. (92/6)
A Dissatisfying thoroughly C Being thoroughly dissatisfied
B to dissatisfy thoroughly D To be thoroughly dissatisfied (C)
分詞短語做定語
If I correct someone , I will do it with as much good bumor and self 翻 restraint as if I were the one _______，越南文翻譯. (95/1)
A to correct B correcting C having corrected D being correcting (D)
分詞短語做補語
When I caught him _______ me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop. (97/1)
A cheat B cheating C to cheat D to be cheating (B)

三 不定式
不定式正在wh―Q，what ，how 等之後；
There is more land in Australia than the government knows ________. (89/1)
A what to do with B how to do C to do with it D to do it (A)
不定式做定語
不定式在 + which/who 之後做定語
不定式的進止式
不定式的实现式
不定式的被動語態
省to的不定式

四 名詞做定語
I walked too much yesterday and ________ are still aching now . (95/6)
A my leg’s muscles C my leg muscles
B my muscles of leg D my muscles of the leg (C)

五 被動與態
The fifth generation puters , with artificial intelligence , ___________ and perfected now. (96/1)
A developed B have developed C are being developed D will have been developed (C)

六 時態
過完成式時
Before the first non 烦忙 stop flight made in 1994 ，英翻中, it _____ necessary for all planes to land for refueling . (95/1)